Radon is a radioactive noble gas of natural origin, chemically inert, identified by the chemical symbol Rn and atomic number 86. It is formed by the decay of uranium and thorium, radioactive elements naturally occurring in the earth's crust. Being a gas, it can migrate through the soil and accumulate in enclosed spaces, such as homes, especially in areas with uranium-rich soils.
Main characteristics:
Colourless, odourless and tasteless, therefore impossible to detect without specific instruments.
It is considered a risk to human health, as inhaling radon and its decay products can increase the risk of lung cancer.
The University of Parma has conducted significant studies on radon, particularly with regard to its presence in drinking water in the province of Parma. These surveys were carried out by the university's Health Physics Service, analysing the radon content in groundwater and wells. The results showed variable radon concentrations, influenced by geochemical and physical factors.
Reference Legislation
In Italy, the regulation of Radon is mainly regulated by the following:
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2024/02/21/24A00877/sg
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2023/01/03/22G00207/SG
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2020/08/12/20G00121/sg
Some key points of the legislation include:
Reference levels: The annual average concentration of Radon in workplaces and homes must not exceed 300 Bq/m³. For dwellings, the limit is progressively reduced to 200 Bq/m³;
Obligations for employers: Employers must carry out measurements of Radon concentration in underground workplaces and, if necessary, take mitigation measures;
National Radon Action Plan: The DPCM of 11 January 2024 introduced a 10-year plan (2023-2032) for the prevention and reduction of Radon-related risks;
New construction: From 1 January 2025, new constructions must comply with more stringent criteria for the prevention of Radon accumulation, including mitigation techniques and specific materials.
